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Permanent coverage: whole, universal and variable life is more confusing since the same policy, depending on how it is issued, can often be either guaranteed or non-guaranteed. All permanent life insurance policy illustrations are hypothetical and include ledgers that show how the policy could perform under both guaranteed and non-guaranteed assumptions.The rates of return and policy fees are usually shown at the top of each ledger column and some policies, such as variable or index life, are sometimes illustrated assuming very optimistic 7-8% annual returns.
Non-guaranteed policies are typically illustrated with a premium that is calculated based on a favorable assumed rate of return and policy fees that could change. The lower premium payment is great as long as the performance of the policy meets or exceeds the assumptions in the illustration. Click Here However, if the policy does not meet expectations then the owner would have to pay a higher premium and/or reduce the death benefit, or the coverage may lapse prematurely.
Some permanent policies offer a rider, for an additional cost, that is part of the contract and guarantees the policy will not lapse. The policy is guaranteed, even if the cash value drops to zero, as long as the planned premium is paid as scheduled. Depending on how the policy and the premium are calculated, the no lapse guarantee can range from a few years out to age 121. However, in exchange for transferring the risk back to the insurer these policies typically have a higher premium and build little cash value.
How to Decide
Whether you should buy guaranteed or non-guaranteed life insurance coverage depends on many factors. Here are some factors to consider:
If necessary, will you be able to pay higher premiums? Most people who bought universal life policies 10-20 years ago, when 5-7% fixed interest rates were the norm, never envisioned the financial collapse in 2008 or the extended low-interest rates that we are currently experiencing. Those policies are now only earning 2-3% and the owners, often retirees, are faced with paying significantly higher premiums or losing the coverage.
Why are you buying life insurance?
Insurance is unique because it allows you to time liquidity to certain events and transfer large risks that you cannot otherwise afford to pay out of pocket. If, like most people, you are buying life insurance for the leverage (small premium/large death benefit), you may prefer not having to worry about the policy staying in force.
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